ریسک‌پژوهی در تحلیل خط‌مشی‌های عمومی: قاعده‌ای در خط‌مشی‌گذاری که نباید نادیده گرفت

سخن سردبیر

نویسنده

استاد گروه مدیریت دولتی دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

10.22034/jipas.2023.190179

چکیده

فلسفه و رسالت هر حکومت و دولتی هماوردی با ریسک‌های فراروی جامعه است. اصلی‌ترین ابزار انجام چنین کارویژه‌ای خط‌مشی‌های عمومی هستند، امّا این خط‌مشی‌ها در تحقق اهداف خود با انواعی از ریسک‌های ذاتی و محیطی مواجه هستند. در حالی که ریسک‌های ذاتی ریشه در نادرستی در فهم مسئله، صورت بندی و طرح خط‌مشی، انتخاب بدیلها، اجرا، پایش و ارزشیابی عملکرد خط‌مشی دارد، ریسک‌های محیطی به ریسک‌های فراروی خط‌مشی‌های عمومی در هنگام اجرا بر می‌گردد. از آنجایی که تحلیل خط‌مشی عمومی مرکز ثقل اِفراز خط‌مشی‌های عمومی تصور می شود، یکی از دغدغه‌های اصلی تحلیل‌گران این حوزه، فهم، تشخیص، سنجش و مدیریت ریسک چنین خط‌مشی‌هایی است. مطالعات معدودی به ریسک‌پژوهی در عرصه تحلیل خط‌مشی‌ها پرداخته‌اند. هدف غایی این نوشتار جلب توجه جامعه علمی و کارگزاران کشور به «ریسک پژوهی»  در مطالعات خط‌مشی‌های ملی در جمهوری اسلامی ایران است. براین اساس، ضمن واکاوی مفهوم، راهبردهای کنار آمدن با ریسک و نوعی چارچوب برای شناخت و مدیریت «ریسک‌های خط‌مشی عمومی» ارائه می شود. در پایان رهنمودی برای پژوهش‌های آتی در این عرصه مهم پیشنهاد خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Risk Research in Public Policy Analysis: A Policy Rule that Should Not be Ignored

نویسنده [English]

  • Hassan DanaeeFard
Professor at Public Administration Department, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The philosophy and mission of government is to deal with the risks facing the society. The main tools for doing such a special task are public policies, but these policies face a variety of inherent and environmental risks in achieving their goals. While the inherent risks are rooted in the wrong understanding of the problem, policy formulation and design, selection of alternatives, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of policy performance, environmental risks refer to the risks faced by public policies during implementation. Since public policy analysis is considered to be the center of gravity of public policies, one of the main concerns of analysts in this field is to understand, diagnose, measure and manage the risk of such policies. Few studies have dealt with risk research in the field of policy analysis. The ultimate goal of this article is to draw the attention of the scientific community and agents of the country to “risk research” in national policy studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore, while analyzing the concept and strategies of coping with risk, a framework for recognizing and managing “public policy risks” is provided. At the end, a guideline for future research in this important field will be suggested.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk Research
  • Risk
  • Public Policy
  • Statesmanship
  • Policy Analysis
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